

Republicans have ruled for half of the current century, but only legitimately won the election after 9/11. I don’t think it’s fair to describe US elections as functional, even arguably.
This is what fascist states look like at this stage of their life cycle. I think the most generous description of the US is an early fascist state. If we really want to argue about whether a spade is a shovel.
“Proto” usually implies that it’s a stage that may develop into the thing, not yet the thing. Whereas “early” implies it’s recently become the thing. Or at least that’s how I usually hear them used, and what I meant.